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037 _5BiblioBoard
245 0 0 _aProcessing of Heavy Crude Oils
_bChallenges and Opportunities /
_cRamasamy Marappa Gounder.
020 _a9781839684111
024 8 _ahttps://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74912
029 1 _ahttps://library.biblioboard.com/ext/api/media/217029e8-2c5c-4dbe-ad92-e7e3920f1e15/assets/thumbnail.jpg
040 _aScCtBLL
_cScCtBLL
506 0 _aAccess copy available to the general public.
_fUnrestricted
_2star
700 1 _aGounder, Ramasamy Marappa
_eeditor.
264 1 _bIntechOpen,
300 _a1 online resource (1 p.)
520 _aUnconventional heavy crude oils are replacing the conventional light crude oils slowly but steadily as a major energy source. Heavy crude oils are cheaper and present an opportunity to the refiners to process them with higher profit margins. However, the unfavourable characteristics of heavy crude oils such as high viscosity, low API gravity, low H/C ratio, chemical complexity with high asphaltenes content, high acidity, high sulfur and increased level of metal and heteroatom impurities impede extraction, pumping, transportation and processing. Very poor mobility of the heavy oils, due to very high viscosities, significantly affects production and transportation. Techniques for viscosity reduction, drag reduction and in-situ upgrading of the crude oil to improve the flow characteristics in pipelines are presented in this book. The heavier and complex molecules of asphaltenes with low H/C ratios present many technological challenges during the refining of the crude oil.
588 0 _aDescription based on print version record.
590 _aIntechOpen Engineering 2019 - 2021
650 7 _aTechnology & Engineering / Petroleum
_2bisacsh
650 0 _aTechnology
655 0 _aElectronic books.
758 _iIs found in:
_aKnowledge Unlatched
_1https://openresearchlibrary.org/module/2774bc74-146a-484f-a7ba-ab1d6a09bbfb
856 4 0 _uhttps://openresearchlibrary.org/content/217029e8-2c5c-4dbe-ad92-e7e3920f1e15
_zView this content on Open Research Library.
_70
999 _c33033
_d33033